PREFACE
Endless Hamd, thanks and praise be to Allâh JUJ, Who "as created humankind and the entire universe with divine sdom and for a great purpose.May blessings and peace be upon Muhammad H, the means of mercy to the universe, the most distinguished "tercessor and the greatest Prophet of Allâh ^JU;, upon "is family, upon his companions and upon ali those who ~ave follovved and continue to follovv his holy path.Hm Al-Hâl pertains to a branch of Islamic knovvledge mat provides Information about îmân (faith) and ‘ibâdah .vorship), which every Müslim is obliged to acquire.Prophet Muhammad M said: “İt is compulsory for every Müslim man and vvoman to acguire knowledge.” The compulsory knovvledge, vvhich the oride of the universe ü indicated in his blessed vvords is indeed the “llm Al-Hâl”. This knovvledge will enable the one sincerely acting upon it to happiness both in this vvorld and in the Hereafter. For this reason, it is compulsory and necessary for every Müslim male and female to learn the matters pertaining îmân (faith) and ‘ibâdah (worship). One cannot be a perfect Mümin (believer) without learning and believing in these essentials, knovvn as "Dharûrah Al- Dîniyyah” (Necessary Rules of Religion),This book of Hm Al-Hâl is prepared based on the rules of the HANAFÎ MADHHAB, with the aim of helping every Müslim to easily learn and memorize the essential matters of Islâm.May Allâh ju; be pleased with this humble work. Âmîn. Important NoteDear Reader,İn this work are included some Sûrahs (chapters), Âyât (verses) and Duas (supplications) in Arabic along with their transliteration in the Latin alphabet. This is done reluctantly in order to enable those who are unfamiliar with the Arabic alphabet to begin to read and to memorize the texts immediately. Nevertheless, it is essentially impossible to vvrite them accurately in the Latin alphabet for correct recitation. Önce our readers learn their recitation on their own using transliteration, they are strongly advised to learn their correct pronunciation from a gualified teacher. CONTENTS
^eface 11~ oortant Note 12DSn (Religion) 15Sharîah (Islâmic Religious Law) 15MÂN (FAITH) 19Arkân Al-îmân (Articles of faith) 21Belief in Allâh 22S*ât Dhâtiyyah (The Personal Attributes of Allâh Jl*;) 23S'fat Thubûtiyyah (The Immutable Attributes of Allâh ^U;) 243elief in the Angels 25Tîıe Four Archangels 25Belief in the Books 27-,-Suhuf (The Pages) 27-,-Kutub (The Books) 28Belief in the Anbiyâ (Prophets) 29-~e Oualities of the Prophets 30Bur Prophet (İt) 33We Must Knovv Our Prophet (M) VVell 37Ashâb Al-Kirâm, Honourable Companions of Muhammad (#|) 40The Two Groups of The Companions of the Prophet (ü) 41Belief in Al-Yawm Al-Âkhir (the Day of Judgement) 43Ajal, the Appointed Hour of Death 44Belief in Qadar and Qadhâ (The Divine Decree and Will) 45Irâdah Al-Juz’iyyah (Partial-Free VVilI) 45Qadar (The Divine Decree) 48Qadhâ (The Divine VVilI) 48Rizq (sustenance) 49Tavvakkul (Reliance on Allâh) 49Requirements forthe Preservation of îmân (Faith) 51The Protective Fortresses of îmân (Faith) 52The Matters Ali Muslims Should Carefully Avoid 53Adillah Al-Shar’iyyah (Sources of Sharî'ah) 55Al-Madhâhib (Schools of Islâm) 56The Righteous Madhâhib (Schools) in ‘Amâl (Deeds) 57ISLÂM 59Arkân Al-lslâm (Essential Articles of Islâm) 61Kalimah Al-Shahâdah 62Af’âl Al-Mukallafin 63Salâh (Prayer) 65Purification from Hadath (The State of Uncleanliness) 66VVudhû (Ablution) 67The Fardh (Obligatory) Acts of VVudhû 67The Sunnah Acts of VVudhû 67The Makrûh (Disliked) Acts of VVudhû 68The Acts VVhich Break VVudhû 69How to Perform VVudhû 70Sûrah A! -Qadr 73Ghusl (Majör Ritual Ablution) 86The Fardh (Obligatory) Acts of Ghusl 86The Sunnah Acts of Ghusl 86How to Perform Ghusl 86Ghusl and Crovvned Teeth 87The Matter of Tooth-filling 88Tayammum 89The Fardh (Obligatory) Acts of Tayammum 89How to Perform Tayammum 89Masah (VVİping) Över Khuffayn (Leather Socks) 98The Permissibility of (Masah) VVİping 98The Amount of (Masah) VVİping 98Things That Void (Masah) VVİping 99Duration of (Masah) VVİping 99Masah (VVİping) över a Bandage 99Situations Particular to VVomen. 100Acts Forbidden During Menstruation andDostnatal Bleeding 103Rjrification from Najâsah (impurities) 104st njâ, Istingâ, Istibrâ 105Satr Al-Avvrah (Covering of the Private Area) 106Istiqbâl Al-Qiblah (Facing the Holy Ka’bah) 106Al-Waqt (Time) 106Al-Awqât Al-Makrûhah (Disliked Times of Salâh) 107Al-Adhân and Al-lqâmah 108Niyyah (Intention) 111Arkân (Pillars) of Salâh 112Takbîr Al-lftitâh (To begin Salâh by saying Allâhu Akbar) 112Qiyâm (Standing) 112ûirâ’ah (Recitation of the Qur’ân) 113Some Sûrahs and Âyât Recited in Salâh 114Some Du'as (Supplications) Recited in Salâh 128Rükû’ (Bovving) 134Sajdah (Prostration) 134Qa’dah Al-Âkhirah (Final Sitting) 134The VVâjib (Necessary) Acts of Salâh 135The Sunnah Acts of Salâh 137The Âdâb (Etiquettes) of Salâh 139The Makrûh (Disliked) Acts of Salâh 140The Acts that Nullify Salâh 144How to Perform Salâh 145lllustrations for Salâh 153Five Daily Salâh 1701-Salâh Al-Fajr 1702-Salâh Al-Zuhr 1703-Salâh Al-Asr 1724-Salâh Al Maghrib 1725-Salâh Al-lshâ 173Salâh Al-Witr 174Sajdah Al-Sahvv (Prostration of Forgetfulness) 175Cases That Necessitate Sajdah Al-Sahvv 176-ow to Perform Sajdah Al-Sahvv 176Salâh Al-Jumu’ah (Friday Prayer) 177The Seven Conditions for the Necessity of Salâh Al-Jumu’ah 177The Six Conditions for the Validity of Salâh Al-Jumu’ah 178Niyyah (Intention) of Salâh Al-Jumu’ah 178Salâh Al-Eidayn (Festival Prayers) 180Salâh Al-Qadhâ (Performance of Missed Prayers) 182Some Navvâfil Salâh (Supererogatory prayers) 184Salâh Al-Avvvvâbîn 184Salâh Al-Dhuhâ 184Salâh Al-Tahajjud 185Salâh Al-Tasbîh 185How to Perform Salâh Al-Tasbîh 186The Janâzah (Funeral) Proceedings 188Kafan (The Shroud) 189How to Shroud a Dead Body 189Salâh Al-Janâzah (The Funeral Prayer) 190Plow to Pray Salâh Al-Janâzah 191The Janazâh Dua That is Recited after the Third Takbîr 192The Grave and the Burial 194ûuestions in the Grave and Their Answers 196Visiting the Graves 197Safar (Journeying) 198Sajdah Al-Tilâwah (The Verses Requiring Prostration) 202The Âyât (Verses) of Sajdah (Prostration) in the Glorious Gur’ân 202The Ibâdât (Worships) to Offer on the Holy Nights 203Al-Sawm (Fasting) 210The Fardh (Obligatory) Acts of Fasting 210Types of Fasting , 211Two Additional Classification of Fasting According to Intention 212Actions That Break the Fast and Require Fasting Again as Qadhâ 212Acts That Break the Fast and Require Fasting Againas Qadhâ and Kaffârah (Expiation) 214Makrûh (Disliked) Acts for the One Fasting 214Acts Not Breaking the Fast 215Salâh Al-Tarâvvîh 215l’tikâf 216Sadaqah Al-Fitr: Fitrah 217Zakâh 218Ushr (Zakâh of Crops) 219Masârif Al-Zakâh (Eligible Zakâh recipients) 219The Eligible Zakâh Recipients 220Hajj (Pilgrimage) 221Conditions of Hajj Being Fardh (Obligatory) 221Essential Conditions for Performing Hajj 222Conditions for the Validity of Hajj 222Udhiyyah (Sacrifice/ûurbâni) 223Time of Udhiyyah (Sacrifice) 223~-e Procedure of Sacrifice and Its Intention 223-qiqah 224¦ -a: is a Sin and What are the Majör Sins? 225Pernedy for Saving Oneself From the Sickness of Sin 226-ooelessness is Incorrect 227looditions That Make Tawbah (Repentance) Acceptable 228~-e Great Supplication for Forgiveness 228- -Nafs Al-Amrnârah 229jhâd (Holy Struggle) 232Duties of Muslims in Society 233• '«cellaneous Duas (Supplications) 234Seme Salawât Al Sharîfah 242Z'^a of Ahzâb 246Z’^a of Khatim Al-Qur’ân 2482>ja after Meals 250Thirty-two Fardh (Obligatory) Acts 252cifty-four Fardh (Obligatory) Acts 255Some Religious Ouestions to a Müslim Child 258
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